To ensure the right to construct and operate a solar photovoltaic farm at the preferred location, the company or the collaboration partner engage the landowners to negotiate a land lease agreement. The land lease agreement is normally for a 30 year period and payments are a fixed amount per installation, where payments commence once the solar photovoltaic farm is in operation.
Once the company has located, or been presented, with a suitable site for a potential solar photovoltaic farm, the Company commences measuring and collecting solar data.
In order to construct and operate a solar photovoltaic energy project, the developer must obtain permits from various national, regional and local authorities. The large number of administrative entities involved can make the process of obtaining these permits long and complex. Procedures for the granting of required permits vary from one country to another. Furthermore, the time range of obtaining all required permits also vary from one country to another and even from one project to another. The Company estimates, that the procedure to obtain all permits has a time range of 1½ - 4 years.
Once the Company has developed the solar photovoltaic energy projects, secured the appropriate solar photovoltaic panels and other key components and obtained project financing, the project can be constructed, usually taking from one to two years. This phase includes: engineering design and construction management work; earthwork and civil engineering; the electrical work (i.e. laying the necessary cabling and installation of the transformer station to access the local electrical grid); and, finally, the installation of the technical components of the solar photovoltaic energy projects. The construction phase is completed once a series of commissioning tests have been conducted to verify that the solar photovoltaic energy project works as expected.
Following completion of construction, the solar photovoltaic energy project is commissioned into operation and will be operated by an operation and maintenance subcontractor, often the manufacturer of the solar photovoltaic panels. The electricity produced by the solar photovoltaic energy project is sold to the local utility or another off-taker under long term purchase contracts or at national tariffs specified by law. In addition, solar photovoltaic energy projects in certain countries may be eligible for Renewable Energy Certificates (?Green Certificates?) that are provided in relation to the amount of renewable energy generated. Such Green Certificates are a tradable commodity and can be sold in organised markets for additional revenue. The life of a solar photovoltaic energy project is generally assumed to be 20 years, in accordance with the expected useful life of the solar photovoltaic panels, although it can be extended for much longer, depending on the maintenance and refurbishment of these panels.